the physical and logical arrangement of nodes and connections in a network

• A. Network Topology
• B. NIC Teaming
• C. NetBIOS
• D. Numbering System (Binary)

Answer: (A)

The concept being tested is how devices are connected and arranged in a network, both in the physical layout and in how data moves through the network. This is known as network topology. It describes the actual wiring and placement of devices (physical topology) as well as the patterns and paths that data uses to get from one device to another (logical topology).

Understanding physical topology helps you picture things like devices connected to a central switch in a star pattern, or devices linked in a ring or mesh. Understanding logical topology, on the other hand, explains how traffic flows and how devices communicate, which can differ from what you’d expect just by looking at the cables.

The other options don’t fit this concept. NIC teaming is about combining multiple network interfaces for redundancy or increased throughput, not about how devices are physically or logically arranged. NetBIOS is a legacy naming/service protocol, not about topology. A binary numbering system relates to how addresses are represented, not to the arrangement or data-flow structure of the network.