Which ISO framework explains network system communications?

• A. Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) Model
• B. TCP/IP Model
• C. Seven Layer Model
• D. Local Area Model

Answer: (A)

The Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) Model is a conceptual framework published by ISO to describe how network communications are organized and moved through a system. It breaks functionality into seven distinct layers, from the physical transmission up to the application level, with clear responsibilities and interfaces between each layer. This standardization lets different technologies and vendors interoperate because they share a common language and structure for how data is prepared, transmitted, and processed.

Why this fits best: it is an explicit ISO framework that defines network communications in a layered, interoperable way. The TCP/IP Model, while widely used in real networks, is a protocol suite rather than an ISO-standard framework. The Seven Layer Model is just another term people use for the same OSI concept, and Local Area Model isn’t a recognized framework.