Which term describes the process of distributing network traffic across multiple servers?

• A. Load Balancing
• B. Load Tester
• C. Local
• D. Log file

Answer: (A)

Distributing network traffic across multiple servers is accomplished through load balancing. A load balancer sits in front of a group of servers and forwards each new client request to one of them, aiming to prevent any single server from becoming a bottleneck while improving responsiveness and availability. It can use various strategies, such as round-robin (cycling through servers), least connections (sending traffic to the server with the fewest active connections), or IP-hash (routing based on a client’s IP). It may operate at different layers, either routing by IP/port or by application data, and it performs health checks to remove unhealthy servers from the pool. This setup supports horizontal scaling, fault tolerance, and better handling of traffic spikes. Concepts like a load tester (which simulates traffic to test performance), local (referring to a local environment), or a log file (records of events) do not describe the distribution mechanism.