Which topology is described as a circular arrangement where each device connects to two neighbors?

• A. Mesh Physical Topology
• B. Ring Physical Topology
• C. Star Physical Topology
• D. Bus Topology

Answer: (B)

Ring topology describes a network layout where devices form a circle and each one connects to two neighbors, creating a closed loop. Data moves from node to node around the ring, often using a token or a defined order to control who can send at a time. This setup gives a simple, predictable path for communication, but a break anywhere in the loop can disrupt traffic unless the design includes protections like a dual ring or bypass paths. This is different from mesh topology, where many connections exist between devices; star topology, which centers around a central hub; and bus topology, where devices share a single cable in a line. The circular arrangement with each device connected to two neighbors fits the Ring physical topology.